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== Why? – The science == | == Why? – The science == | ||
| - | Clouds cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface. They appears in various forms as marine stratocumulus, deep convective clouds in the tropics, frontal systems and many more. On the one hand cloud clouds have a global extent. On the other hand cloud formation is based on micro physics. Cloud droplets and ice crystal sizes are usually in the micro meter range. Temperature, humidity, aerosols and turbulence are critical parameters for cloud growth. The clouds may be described by their macro physical properties (like cloud phase, water content, cloud top and base height) or their optical properties (like cloud optical thickness and effective radius). | + | Clouds cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface. They appears in various forms as marine stratocumulus, deep convective clouds in the tropics, frontal systems and many more. On the one hand cloud clouds have a global extent. On the other hand cloud formation is based on micro physics. Cloud droplets and ice crystal sizes are usually in the micro meter range. Temperature, humidity, aerosols and turbulence are critical parameters for cloud growth. The clouds may be described by their macro physical properties (like cloud phase, water content, cloud top and base height) or their optical properties (like cloud optical thickness and effective radius). |
| - | Cloud influence in several ways atmospheric physics. Clouds play a dominant role in the ''hydrological cycle'' of our planet. By condensations water vapor is removed from the air. Droplets and ice crystals are transported within clouds by convection, are horizontally advected, and precipitation is formed. The phase change of water release latent energy altering small-scale convective or turbulent circulations and the vertical heating profile. | + | Cloud influence in several ways atmospheric physics. Clouds play a dominant role in the ''hydrological cycle'' of our planet. By condensations water vapor is removed from the air. Droplets and ice crystals are transported within clouds by convection, are horizontally advected, and precipitation is formed. The phase change of water release latent energy altering small-scale convective or turbulent circulations and the vertical heating profile. |
| - | Furthermore clouds modify the ''radiative transfer'' through the atmosphere. Cloud reflects a part of the sunlight that cools the earth. They also reduce the amount of thermal radiation emitted to space thus warming the earth. The net effect depend on the cloud type. While low and middle clouds the cooling effects dominates, high clouds tend to have a warming effect. | + | Furthermore clouds modify the ''radiative transfer'' through the atmosphere. Cloud reflects a part of the sunlight that cools the earth. They also reduce the amount of thermal radiation emitted to space thus warming the earth. The net effect depend on the cloud type. While low and middle clouds the cooling effects dominates, high clouds tend to have a warming effect. |
Due to their large impact on the energy and water cycle, cloud have to be well presented in weather and climate models. In order to validate this models accurate observations are needed. Where ground based measurements provide information of high accuracy at certain places, satellite observations provide continuous observation of the atmospheric state over the whole globe being indispensable for the validation of global models. | Due to their large impact on the energy and water cycle, cloud have to be well presented in weather and climate models. In order to validate this models accurate observations are needed. Where ground based measurements provide information of high accuracy at certain places, satellite observations provide continuous observation of the atmospheric state over the whole globe being indispensable for the validation of global models. | ||
Revision as of 16:48, 16 February 2011
Contents |
What is CREW?
Eumetsat's CREW (Cloud Retrieval Evaluation Workshop) is a research activity to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the most important algorithms that retrieve cloud property from passive imager instruments onboard both polar and geostationary satellites (SEVIRI, AVHRR, and MODIS). The CREW working group members operate the most advanced cloud retrieval algorithms. Their level-2 data products are inter-compared and validated against observations from the A-Atrain satellite constellation (CALIPSO, CLOUDSAT, and AMSR). The results of the inter-comparison are discussed at the Eumetsat Cloud Retrieval Intercomparioson Workshops. The first CREW took place in Norrköping, Sweden from 17.-19. May 2006, and the second CREW in Locarno, Switzerland in February 2009.
The third CREW will be held in Madison, USA from 15.-17. November 2011.
Why? – The science
Clouds cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface. They appears in various forms as marine stratocumulus, deep convective clouds in the tropics, frontal systems and many more. On the one hand cloud clouds have a global extent. On the other hand cloud formation is based on micro physics. Cloud droplets and ice crystal sizes are usually in the micro meter range. Temperature, humidity, aerosols and turbulence are critical parameters for cloud growth. The clouds may be described by their macro physical properties (like cloud phase, water content, cloud top and base height) or their optical properties (like cloud optical thickness and effective radius). Cloud influence in several ways atmospheric physics. Clouds play a dominant role in the hydrological cycle of our planet. By condensations water vapor is removed from the air. Droplets and ice crystals are transported within clouds by convection, are horizontally advected, and precipitation is formed. The phase change of water release latent energy altering small-scale convective or turbulent circulations and the vertical heating profile. Furthermore clouds modify the radiative transfer through the atmosphere. Cloud reflects a part of the sunlight that cools the earth. They also reduce the amount of thermal radiation emitted to space thus warming the earth. The net effect depend on the cloud type. While low and middle clouds the cooling effects dominates, high clouds tend to have a warming effect. Due to their large impact on the energy and water cycle, cloud have to be well presented in weather and climate models. In order to validate this models accurate observations are needed. Where ground based measurements provide information of high accuracy at certain places, satellite observations provide continuous observation of the atmospheric state over the whole globe being indispensable for the validation of global models.
How? - The approach
Currently 13 groups provide data sets of retrieved cloud physical properties, i.e., Cloud mask, cloud fraction, cloud top temperature, cloud top pressure, cloud top height, cloud optical depth, effective radius, cloud water path, cloud type, and convective signature. The data is inter-compared for 4 days, that were most suitable for validation purposes. We cooperate with the GEWEX - Cloud Assessment project that rather compares climatologies, whereas CREW is intended for investigating the details of the retrieval algorithms.
Who? - The members
Funded by
Organised by
List of Participants
For whom? – The users
Validation of weather and climate models, UV forecast, aviation, solar energy more here
