On January 15, 2022, in the late afternoon (January 15, 04:10 Universal Time), Hunga Tonga, an underwater volcano located in the Tonga archipelago southeast of Fidji in the South Pacific ocean, dramatically erupted, destroying the small Hunga Tonga — Hunga Ha’apai island. The island bore that name since the lava flow of the 2015 eruption formed new land that joined the two islands Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha’apai. The eruption is the most powerful in the world in the past 3 decades. The island literally exploded. The eruption was indeed extremely violent, forming in just 30 minutes a giant umbrella-shaped ash plume of 300 km in diameter, and lofting ash and volcanic gas above 30 km in the atmosphere. The eruption scattered ash in the ocean all around and blanketed the neighboring islands with thick ash. This spectacular eruption caused an atmospheric shockwave and was heard 9,360 kilometers away in Alaska at 12:30 UTC (i.e. about 8.3 hours later). Simultaneously, the eruption triggered a series of tsunami waves across the Pacific Ocean up to 10,000 km away, impacting the coasts of Chile, the United States and Japan. Early reports suggest that local residents are significantly impacted by the ash and tsunami waves caused by the eruption. Sensors on board satellites captured the eruption and the huge plume of ash reaching the stratosphere.
Le 15 janvier 2022 en fin d’après-midi (15 janvier, 04h10 temps universel), Hunga Tonga, un volcan sous-marin de l’archipel des Tonga au sud-est des Fidji dans le Pacifique Sud, est entré en éruption de façon spectaculaire, détruisant la petite île de Hunga Tonga – Hunga Ha’apai. L’île portait ce nom depuis que l’éruption de 2015 avait formé une nouvelle terre rejoignant les deux îles Hunga Tonga et Hunga Ha’apai. Cette éruption est la plus puissante des 3 dernières décennies au niveau mondial. L’île a littéralement explosé. L’éruption a été extrêmement violente, formant en seulement 30 minutes un panache de cendres géant en forme de parapluie de 300 km de diamètre, et projetant des cendres et des gaz volcaniques à plus de 30 km dans l’atmosphère. L’éruption a dispersé des cendres dans l’océan tout autour et a recouvert les îles voisines d’une épaisse couche de cendres. Cette éruption spectaculaire a provoqué une onde de choc atmosphérique et a été entendue à 9360 kilomètres en Alaska à 12:30 UTC (environ 8.3 heures plus tard). Simultanément, l’éruption a déclenché une série de tsunamis à travers l’océan Pacifique jusqu’à 10 000 km de distance, frappant les côtes du Chili, des États-Unis et du Japon. Les informations préliminaires rapportent que les résidents locaux sont considérablement touchés par les dépôts de cendres et les tsunamis causés par l’éruption. Des capteurs à bord des satellites fournissent des observations de l’éruption et de l’énorme panache de cendres éjecté dans la stratosphère.
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